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Glossary
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A
B C D E
F G H I
J K L M
N O P Q
R S T U
V W X Y
Z
A
AASHTO:
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
ACHP:
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation
APE: Area of Potential Effect
ADT:
Average Daily Traffic
Acidity:
A measurement of the hydrogen ion concentration of an aqueous solution.
Acid
Drainage: Low pH, sulfate-rich water with high amounts of acidity,
which results from the oxidation of metal disulfide minerals upon
exposure to air and water.
Alignment:
Refers to the proposed routing of or the build alternatives.
Alternative:
General term that refers to possible approaches to meeting the project's
purpose and need. Typically refers to the No-Build and Build Alternatives.
Anticline:
A convex fold in bedrock.
Aquifer:
A water-bearing unit of permeable rock, sand, or gravel that yields
considerable quantities of water to springs and wells.
Attainment:
Status of the various pollutants described in the NAAQS; a condition
where a pollutant meets NAAQS.
B
BA:
Biological Assessment
BBS:
Breeding Bird Survey
BNA:
Block Numbering Area (US Census)
BRS:
Biennial Reporting System
BTU:
British Thermal Unit
Benthic:
Located on the bottom of a body of water or in the bottom sediments,
or pertaining to bottom-dwelling organisms.
Biodiversity:
The variety and abundance of species, their genetic composition,
and the communities, ecosystems, and landscapes in which they occur.
Biotic:
Of or pertaining to life and living organisms.
C
CAA:
Clean Air Act
CAAA:
Clean Air Act Amendment
CAC:
Community Advisory Committee
CARA:
Conservation and Reinvestment Act
CEQ:
Council on Environmental Quality
CERCLA:
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability
Act
CERCLIS:
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability
Information System
CFR:
Code of Federal Regulations
COA: United States Court of Appeals
COE:
Criteria of Effects
CONSENT:
Superfund (CERCLA) Consent Decrees
CORRACTS:
Corrective Action Report
Carbon Monoxide (CO): A colorless, odorless gas that is formed
as a product of the incomplete combustion of carbon and is emitted
directly by automobiles and trucks.
Community
Cohesion:
The connections between and within communities that are essential
for serving the needs of the residents (e.g., churches, recreational
facilities).
Court
of Appeals: The United States Court of Appeals for the District
of Columbia Circuit.
Cumulative
Impact: An impact on the environment that results from the incremental
impact of the action when added to past, present, and reasonably
foreseeable future actions.
Cultural
Resources: Patterned
physical remains of human activity distributed over the landscape
through time.
CAA:
Clear Air Act
CWA:
Clean Water Act
D
dB:
Decibel
dBA:
Decibels on the A-weighted Scale
DEIS:
Draft Environmental Impact Statement
DHV:
Directional Design Hourly Volume
DOE:
Determination of Eligibility
E
EIS:
Environmental Impact Statement
EMS:
Emergency Medical Services
ERNS:
Emergency Response Notification System
EROS:
Earth Resources Observation System
ESA:
Endangered Species Act
Environmental
Justice: Presidential Executive Order 12898
requires federal agencies to take into consideration disproportionately
high and adverse human health or environmental effects of federal
programs and projects on low-income and minority populations.
F
FEIS:
Final Environmental Impact Statement
FEMA:
Federal Emergency Management Agency
FHWA:
Federal Highway Administration
FINDS:
Facility Index System/Facility Identification Program Summary
Report
FIRM:
Flood Insurance Rate Maps
FIS:
Flood Insurance Study
FPPA:
Farmland Protection Policy Act
Floodplain: The portion of a river or stream valley, adjacent
to the channel, which is covered with water when the river or stream
overflows its banks at flood stage. It is also defined as lowland
and relatively flat areas adjoining inland and coastal waters including,
at a minimum, that area subject to a one percent or greater chance
of flooding in any given year.
Flood
Hazard Zone: The area flooded during a 100-year storm.
Floodway:
An area identified on a Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) or a
Flood Boundary Floodway Map (FBFM) that represents the portion of
the floodplain that carries the majority of the flood flow and is
often associated with high velocity flow and debris impact. The
floodway includes the channel of a stream or river and the adjacent
floodplain that must be reserved in an unobstructed condition in
order to discharge the base flood without increasing flood levels
by more than one foot.
G
GEC:
General Engineering Consultant
GIS:
Geographic Information Systems
GPD:
Gallons Per Day
GPM:
Gallons Per Minute
Groundwater: Naturally occurring water that moves through the
ground and underlying rock, at a depth of several feet to several
hundred feet.
H
HEP:
Habitat Evaluation Procedure
HAZMAT:
Hazardous Materials
HMIRS:
Hazardous Materials Information Reporting System
HSI:
Habitat Suitability Index
HU:
Habitat Unit
Habitat Evaluation Procedure: A method created by the USFWS
to evaluate the quality of habitat for selected wildlife species.
Historic
Archaeological Site: Any subsurface cultural manifestation dated
post-European contact.
Historic
Property: Any prehistoric or historic district, site, building,
structure, or object included in, or eligible for inclusion in,
the National Register. This term includes, for the purposes of these
regulations, artifacts, records, and remains that are related to
and located within such properties. The term "eligible for
inclusion in the National Register" includes both properties
formally determined as such by the Secretary of the Interior and
all other properties that meet National Register listing criteria.
I
I&M:
Inspection/Maintenance Plan
IL:
Insertion Loss
INDEP:
IN Department of Environmental Protection
INDHHS:
IN Department of Health and Human Services
INDHPA:
IN Division of Historic Preservation and Archaeology
INDNR:
IN Division of Natural Resources
INDOT: IN Department of Transportation
INGES:
IN Geological and Economic Survey
INOAQ:
IN Office of Air Quality
INSHPO:
IN State Historic Preservation Office
IRA:
Improved Roadway Alternative
ISTEA:
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act
J
There
are no glossary items under J.
K
Karst:
The occurrence of limestone as the first bedrock unit beneath the
soil in which cavities form due to the solubility of limestone under
certain conditions. Surface characteristics include sinkholes and
sinking streams.
Keeper:
The Keeper of the National Register of Historic Places, or any other
official within the United States Department of the Interior vested
with authority to determine the eligibility of historic properties
for listing in the National Register, pursuant to 16 U.S.C. §
470a.
L
Leq
(h): Representative
of an average sound level over an hour's time period
LF:
List
of Municipal Solid Waste Landfills/Transfer Station Listing
LOS:
Level
of Service
LS:
Lump
Sum
LUST:
Leaking
Underground Storage Tank
LWCF:
Land
and Water Conservation Fund
LWCFA:
Land
and Water Conservation Fund Act
Low-income
Populations: A population whose household income is below the
Department of Health and Human Services poverty guidelines.
M
MINES:
Mines Master Index File
MLTS:
Material Licensing Tracking System
MP: Management Prescription
MPO:
Metropolitan Planning Organization (for this project, the Area
Plan Commission of Tippecanoe County (TCAPC) is the MPO)
MRLC:
Multi-resolution Land Characterization Consortium
MVMT:
Million Vehicle Miles Traveled
N
NAAQS:
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
NAC:
Noise Abatement Criteria
NAMS:
National Air Monitoring System
NEPA:
National Environmental Policy Act of 1970, 42 U.S.C. §
4321, et seq.
NFIP:
National Flood Insurance Program
NFRAP:
No Further Remedial Action Planned
NHPA:
National Historic Preservation Act
NLCD:
National Land Cover Data
NO2:
Nitrogen Dioxide
NOI:
Notice of Intent
NPDES:
National Pollution Discharge Elimination System
NPL:
National Priority List
NPS:
National Park Service
NRCS:
Natural Resource Conservation Service (formerly Soil Conservation
Service)
NRHP:
National Register of Historic Places
NRI:
Nationwide Rivers Inventory
NWI:
National Wetlands Inventory
NWSRS:
National Wild and Scenic Rivers System
National Register: The National Register of Historic Places,
as maintained by the United States Department of the Interior, pursuant
to 16 U.S.C. § 470a.
National
Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Document: Any document or report
prepared by or on behalf of FHWA or INDOT pursuant to NEPA for a
Project, including but not necessarily limited to any Environmental
Assessment, Finding of No Significant Impact, Draft SEIS, Final
SEIS, or Amended ROD, but not including any pre-decisional, deliberative,
or privileged materials.
Nitrogen
Oxide: Oxides of nitrogen (e.g., NO2, NO3)
Non-attainment:
A condition where a pollutant exceeds the NAAQS two or more
times during a year.
O
O3:
Ozone
OA:
Opportunity Areas
OEP:
Office of Environmental Policy
Ozone: Unstable blue gas with a pungent odor formed principally
in secondary reactions involving volatile organic compounds, nitrogen
oxides and sunlight.
P
PA:
Preferred Alternative (see definition below)
PADS:
PCB Activity Database System
PEM:
Palustrine Emergent Wetland
PFO:
Palustrine Forested Wetland
PM: Particulate Matter
PM10/PM2.5: Particulate Matter
PPM:
Parts Per Million
PRT:
Potential Roost Trees
PSS:
Palustrine Scrub-Shrub Wetland
PSD:
Public Service District
PWS:
Public Water Systems
PWS
ENF: Public Water Systems Violation and Enforcement Data
Palustrine Emergent Wetland: Wetlands which are dominated by
erect, herbaceous vegetation present for most of the growing season
(i.e. marshes, wet meadows, fens, sloughs, or potholes).
Palustrine
Forested Wetland: Wetlands which are dominated by woody vegetation
greater than 20 feet (6 meters) in height (i.e. swamps of bottomlands).
Palustrine
Scrub-Shrub Wetland: Wetlands which are dominated by woody vegetation
less than 20 feet (6 meters) in height (i.e. pocosins, shrub swamps,
or wet thickets).
Physiographic
Province: A region which is generally consistent in geologic
structure and climate and which has had a unified geomorphic history.
Preferred
Alternative: Line A, including a Wabash River Crossing and Line
1, as identified in the 1985 DEIS and the 1992 FEIS. Line A and
the Wabash River Crossing have already been constructed. Line 1
has not been constructed.
Prehistoric
Archaeological Site: Any subsurface cultural manifestation dated
pre-European contact.
Project
Impact: Partnership between communities and FEMA that helps
communities protect themselves from the devastating effects of natural
disasters by taking actions that dramatically reduce disruption
and loss.
Q
There
are no glossary items under Q.
R
RAATS:
RCRA Administrative Action Tracking System
RBP:
Rapid Bioassessment Protocol
RCRA:
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
RCRIS:
Resource Conservation and Recovery Information System
ROD:
Record of Decision; issued pursuant to NEPA
ROW:
Right-of-way
RT
and E: Rare, threatened, and endangered species
Regional
Project Watershed: The portion of the major river watershed
bounded by the 30-Minute-Contour.
Regulatory
Floodway: The portion of the 100-year floodplain within which
the majority of the flood water are carried and where flooding hazards
are the highest.
Riparian:
Pertaining to anything connected with or immediately adjacent
to the banks of a stream.
S
SARA:
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act
SDEIS:
Supplemental Draft Environmental Impact Statement
SEA:
Supplemental Environmental Assessment
SEIS:
Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement
SFEIS:
Supplemental Final Environmental Impact Statement
SHPO:
State Historic Preservation Officer
SHWS:
State Hazardous Waste Sites
SIP:
State Implementation Plan
SLAMS:
State and Local Air Monitoring Systems
SO2:
Sulfur Dioxide
Secondary Impact: An impact on the environment resulting from
the primary impact of the action.
Section
106: Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of
1966, 16 U.S.C. § 470f.
Section
4(f): Section 4(f) of the Department of Transportation Act of
1966, 49 U.S.C. § 303(c).
Section
4(f) Document: Any finding, evaluation, report, or other document
prepared by or on behalf of FHWA or INDOT pursuant to Section 4(f)
with respect to a Project, including, but not necessarily limited
to, any finding of no constructive use and any approval of the use
of a Section 4(f) Resource, but not including any predecisional,
deliberative, or privileged materials.
Section
4(f) Resource: Any park, recreation area, wildlife or waterfowl
refuge, or historic site that is protected under Section 4(f).
Supplemental
Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS): Document prepared by
FHWA and INDOT in accordance with NEPA and other applicable laws
and regulations.
Syncline:
A concave fold in bedrock.
T
TCAPC:
Area Plan Commission of Tippecanoe County (aka: MPO)
TIP:
Transportation Improvement Plan
TM:
Thematic Mapper
TMDL:
Total Maximum Daily Load
TRIS:
Toxic Chemical Release Inventory System
TSCA:
Toxic Substances Control Act
Total
Maximum Daily Load: A calculation of the maximum amount of pollutant
that a waterbody can receive and not diminish its beneficial use
classification and still meet water quality standard. In addition,
contains the reductions needed to meet water quality standards and
allocates those reductions among sources in the watershed.
Transfer
Payments: A form of public assistance from the state and federal
governments which is not wage or salary income but is still a part
of total earnings.
U
UPARR:
Urban Park Recreation Recovery Program
USBEA:
US Bureau of Economic Analysis
USBLS:
US Bureau of Labor Statistics
USC:
United States Code
USCEQ:
US Council on Environmental Quality
USCOE:
US Army Corps of Engineers
USDA:
US Department of Agriculture
USDHHS:
US Department of Health & Human Services
USDOI:
US Department of the Interior
USDOT:
US Department of Transportation
USEPA:
US Environmental Protection Agency
USFS:
US Forest Service
USFWS:
US Fish and Wildlife Service
USGS:
US Geological Survey
UST:
Underground Storage Tank
Upland Habitat: Land that has sufficient dry conditions that
hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils, and /or wetland hydrology
are lacking. Any area that is not a wetland, deepwater aquatic habitat,
nor other special aquatic site is considered upland habitat.
V
VFD:
Volunteer Fire Department
VMT:
Vehicle Miles Traveled
VOC:
Volatile Organic Compounds
Viewshed: All land seen from one static point.
W
WHPA:
Wellhead Protection Area
Watershed: A specific geographic area drained by a major stream
or river.
Wetland:
Those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater
at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and under normal
conditions do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted
for life in saturated conditions.
X
There
are no glossary items under X.
Y
There
are no glossary items under Y.
Z
Zone
of Saturation: The area found below the water table where water
occupies all open space.
Zones
of Sensitivity: Water recharge areas underlain by a combination
of limestone and sandstone; the sensitivity of such recharge areas
was classified as high, moderate, or low.
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